South Africa says it will recall all of its diplomats from Tel Aviv following Israel’s intense air strikes on Gaza on Sunday night.
The bombardment was one of Israel’s heaviest since the war began a month ago.
According to Gaza City’s Al-Shifa hospital, about 200 people were killed.
South Africa’s government, which has long been a vocal supporter of the Palestinian cause, staunchly condemned Israel on Monday.
The government indicated that it might call for the removal of Israeli Ambassador Eliav Belotsercovsky accusing him of making “disparaging comments” about South Africa.
The statement described Ambassador Belotsercovsky’s presence in South Africa as “untenable”, adding it would pursue diplomatic channels to deal with his conduct in the country.
Foreign Minister Naledi Pandor said the government believes “the nature of response by Israel has become one of collective punishment”.
Israel says it is trying to minimise civilian casualties and accuses Hamas of using non-combatants as human shields.
Hundreds of South Africans have protested against Israeli attacks on Gaza in recent weeks.
Earlier this year the South African embassy in Israel was downgraded to a liaison office.