For many years, Africa had been known as a continent fraught with war and conflict. From the times of the colonization era to post-independence, Africa has struggled with conflict and violence. However, in recent years, there has been a noticeable shift towards peace and stability. Despite the ongoing conflicts in some parts of the continent, there is a hopeful journey towards peace.
The African Union has played a significant role in promoting peace and stability on the continent. In 2002, the African Union established the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA), which comprises of the Peace and Security Council, Continental Early Warning System, African Standby Force, and Panel of the Wise. These institutions have been instrumental in preventing and resolving conflict on the continent.
Furthermore, the African Union has been actively involved in peace negotiations and mediation efforts in conflict-ridden countries such as South Sudan, Somalia, and the Central African Republic. In 2018, the political crisis in Ethiopia was resolved through a peaceful dialogue between various political actors, which was facilitated by the African Union.
Another encouraging development is the rise of civil society movements calling for peace and social justice. In Sudan, the Sudanese Professionals Association led a peaceful revolution that toppled the dictatorial regime of Omar al-Bashir in 2019. Similarly, in Zimbabwe, the #ThisFlag movement, led by Pastor Evan Mawarire, called for peaceful protests against the government’s corruption and mismanagement.
In addition, economic growth and development have contributed to peace and stability on the continent. African countries such as Rwanda, Ethiopia, and Ghana have experienced rapid economic growth in recent years, which has led to poverty reduction and improved livelihoods for their citizens. Studies have shown that countries with high levels of economic growth and development are less likely to experience conflicts.
Furthermore, the increased use of technology and social media has helped to expose corruption and hold political leaders accountable. Digital platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and WhatsApp have been used to mobilize citizens, report on human rights violations, and hold governments accountable.
However, even with these positive developments, there are still pockets of conflicts and violence in some parts of Africa. The ongoing conflicts in Somalia, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo are a reminder that the continent still has a long way to go towards achieving lasting peace.
To move beyond war and conflict, African leaders need to invest in education and job creation for their citizens. Youth unemployment is a critical issue that needs to be addressed. Additionally, African governments need to reform their security institutions and promote democracy and good governance.
In conclusion, Africa’s hopeful journey towards peace is a positive development that should be celebrated. The African Union, civil society movements, economic growth, and technology have all contributed to this shift towards peace and stability. However, more needs to be done to ensure that Africa continues on this path towards lasting peace. Investing in education, job creation, and good governance will go a long way in promoting peace and stability on the continent.