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The United Nations says countries in the Sahel must do more to combat the trafficking of arms into the region.
The UN says the majority of the weapons have been diverted from national armed forces in other African countries, notably Libya, Sierra Leone and Liberia.
It blamed both corruption and a low state presence for the inflow.
An Islamist insurgency across Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Nigeria and Chad has claimed tens of thousands of lives and displaced millions – but the UN said the jihadists were not primarily engaged in the trade and are unlikely to derive significant revenue from arms trafficking.